Helen Fosam, PhD

An improved understanding of the gender differences in axial spondyloarthritis can improve disease treatment and reduce disease burden.

Given the unique challenges presented by aging, new cases of headache in older adults should be evaluated carefully for a differential diagnosis of primary headache and to exclude underlying causes of secondary headache.

Although current guidelines define remission as the absence of clinical and laboratory evidence of significant inflammatory disease,the parameters against which axial spondyloarthritis is assessed to demonstrate clinical remission are unclear.

The need for data transparency carries an ethical and moral obligation and requires nonselective and unbiased publication of clinical results.

A recent study provides a comprehensive summary of the relevant published studies linking migraine and gastrointestinal or related disorders.

A recent study by Doulberis and colleagues provides a comprehensive summary of the relevant published studies linking migraine and gastrointestinal or related disorders.

Polymorphism at the level of drug receptors, transporters, or other proteins involved in drug metabolism or action may have an impact on the effect of a drug.

Although the underlying pathophysiology of homeostasis-related headaches is not yet clearly defined, the nervous and endocrine systems are thought to be involved through the maintenance of homeostasis.

Compassion directed to self is gaining acceptance as a potential therapeutic modality to complement existing treatment options for chronic pain.

Recent studies show that THC consumption affects the dopamine system.